At present, China is facing tremendous pressure from two legs, "high carbon to low carbon, low carbon to no carbon". The reason is that China has not completed the first energy transition from high-carbon energy to low-carbon energy. At present, 60% of energy consumption is still coal, while other major countries in the world have completed the transition from high-carbon to low-carbon. Therefore, at this stage, the transformation goals of other countries are to further increase the proportion of renewable energy and achieve low-carbon to no-carbon, while China must achieve both high-carbon to low-carbon and low-carbon to no-carbon at the same time. .
In this regard, it is necessary to control the total energy consumption, strictly control coal consumption through energy efficiency improvement, and optimize the energy structure. The most ideal energy structure is that non-fossil energy accounts for 50%, natural gas accounts for 20% -25%, oil and gas accounts for 35%, and coal accounts for only 10% -15%. As far as China's current energy structure is concerned, there is undoubtedly a huge gap.
Under the pressure of low-carbon energy transition in China, China currently faces multiple challenges such as rebounding in coal use, slow development of clean energy, and imperfect policy mechanisms.
The limited capacity for sustainable development of clean energy is also one of the challenges for China to optimize its energy structure. At present, many bottlenecks in the development of low-carbon energy in China are not in technology, but in the system itself. At present, there are problems in the energy return mechanism and benefit sharing mechanism of energy in China. At this stage, we must deepen reform.
To achieve the energy transition and reduce the number of hours of coal-fired power utilization, it is necessary to solve the problems of how to share the transition costs, whether transition measures are in place, local financial sources, and whether there are sufficient funds for transition training for young workers. In this regard, China's energy policy formulation and implementation should continue to be considered within the broad framework of energy transition, and should be in accordance with the logic, direction and requirements of energy transition